下面是欧委会提出的交际领域的具体项目表，我们为每一细目提供了典型案例，供大家参考：
Language functions for Threshold Level including recommended exponents

1 输送和探寻事实的信息Imparting and seeking factual information
1.1 辨别（定义）-identifying (defining)
A computer is an amazing machine. It can do calculations, store and find information. It works using microchips (very small electrical circuits), which act as its brain and memory.
1.2 汇报（描述和叙述）-reporting (describing and narrating)
Buffalo are big, strong, dark-colored mammals with huge horns.
1.3 纠正 -correcting
-Would you please take my luggage out to the car?
-Certainly, madam. Altogether six pieces, is that correct, madam?
-Well, it should be seven. Let me see. Oh, where is my suit bay?
-Don't worry, madam. I'll check for you once again.
1.4 询问 -asking
-Hello, can you tell me if the library will be open this Saturday evening?
-Hold the line please, I'll find out.
1.5 回答问题 -answering questions
-How much do you want your hair to cover your ear?
-Half ear, please.

2 表达和探寻态度 -Expressing and finding out attitudes
2.1 表达同意的理由 -expressing agreement with a statement
-Mary, tomorrow is your Mom's fiftieth birthday. Did you remember?
-Of course I did. How shall we celebrate it?
-First of all, a birthday present. What about buying her a beautiful skirt?
-That's a good idea. It would make her look younger.
2.2 表达不同意的理由 -expressing disagreement with a statement
-Coming swimming with me?
-Sorry, but I'm up to my neck in work.
2.3 询问同意和不同意 -enquiring about agreement and disagreement
-May I have a look at it, please?
-Yes, of course. Let me show you around it.
2.4 否认陈述 -denying statements
-You know so much about old movies. I'll bet you saw a lot when you were a kid.
-Not as many as you might think.

事实：知识，等 -factual: knowledge, etc
2.5 陈述是否了解一个人、一件事或一个事实 -stating whether one knows or does not know a person, thing or fact
-I heard that only 20% of summer jobs in this part of the country are advertised. The other 80% are filled some other way.
-Really? Then maybe I need to change my job-searching techniques.
2.6 询问是否了解一个人、一件事或一个事实 -enquiring whether someone knows or does not know a person, thing or fact 
-Haven't you heard that Pro. Emerson will act as the new dean of our apartment?
-Prof. Emerson? He is the last person in the world I'd ever want to see.
2.7 陈述是否记得或忘记了一个人、一件事、一个事实或一个行为 -stating whether one remembers or has forgotten a person, thing or fact or action   
-Why did you come to the meeting late? I remembered leaving a message with your roommate about the time change.
-She has a very short memory and it really gets on my nerves sometimes. I promise this will never happen again.
2.8 询问是否记得或忘记了一个人、一件事或一个行为 -enquiring whether someone remembers or has forgotten a person, thing or action
-Come in please, and have a seat. So, can you describe the man for me?
-OK. What do you want to know?
-Let's start with clothes. What was he wearing?
-Hmmm ... Hmmm. I think it was a blue shirt.
-Anything else?
-Maybe ... brown pants.
-How about height? How tall was he?
2.9 表达可能的程度 -expressing degrees of probability
-I can't find Elm Drive anywhere on this map. I don't think there is any such street.
-It's probably in the new part of town. We'll have to call for direction.
2.10 问关于可能性的程度 -enquiring as to degrees of probability
-I'm really having a hard time finishing the project Prof. Brown asked us to do. Do you think        she will give us more time to do it?
-Not in a million years. You know how sticky she is about changing project due dates.
2.11 表达拒绝的必要性 -expressing of denying necessity (including logical deduction)
-Bob, shall I cut your hair for you?
-You must be kidding. Last time you almost made me bald.
2.12 表达必要性（逻辑推理）-enquiring as to necessity (including logical deduction)
-We need to do a lot of things to fight pollution. Factories must clean their waste water before        it is thrown away, and they mustn't blow dirty smoke.
2.13 表达确定的程度 -expressing degrees of certainty
-Did you ever get around to cashing that refund check from the bookstore?
-Oh, gosh! Guess what. I must have misplaced that in my desk somewhere. But thanks for         reminding me. My funds are running low, so I'd better find it soon.
2.14 询问关于确定性的程度 -enquiring about degrees of certainty
-What? Is she 30 years?
-Yes, she is certainly 30 years.

事实：特征-fact: modality
2.15 表达职责-expressing obligation
-Look at this photograph of Los Angeles in the newspaper. You can see the air pollution over the city.
-Everybody in Los Angeles drives. They never walk. People shouldn't drive so much. They have to use public transportation or they have to walk.
2.16 询问有关职责 -enquiring about obligation
-What are some of the things I have to do, and some of the things I don't have to do?
-Er ... you don't have to do the washing-up, so that's good! You have to wear white, and I have to be very careful about hygiene. Everything in the kitchen has to be totally clean.
2.17 表达能/不能做某件事 -expressing ability/inability to do something
-Can you get us tickets for next week's concert?
-Sure, I can. Can you give me the money in advance? I'm broke as usual.
2.18 询问能否做某件事 -enquiring about ability or inability to do something
-Can the books be taken home?
-Yes, but you have to leave your student's card there.
2.19 表达某件事是否被允许 -expressing that something is or is not permitted, or permissible
-Can't we slow down? I'm tired.
-Slow down? Don't you realize how late we are going to be?
2.20 询问某件事是否被允许 -enquiring whether something is or is not permitted or permissible (including seeking permission)
-Excuse me, would you mind if I use your phone?
-Help yourself. It is on the table over there.
2.21 准予同意 -granting permission
-Would you mind if I sit here?
-Of course not.
2.22 不同意 -withholding permission
-Do you mind if I practise playing the piano here?
-I'd rather you didn't.

意志与决心-volitional
2.23 表达希望/期望 -expressing wants/desires
-I'd really loved to go to the concert tonight, but I don't know if I can spare the time.
-Music always relaxes me. It might be worth it in the long run.
2.24 询问有关希望/期望 -enquiring about wants/desires
-Hi, Jack. I'm going to the beach with some friend. Do you want to join us?
-Yeah, that sounds like fun. Which beach are you going to?
-We were thinking about driving north to Redcliff Beach in Queensland. I like diving, and I also like watching sea fish.
2.25 表达意图 -expressing intentions
-Do you think I could borrow your car to go grocery shopping? The supermarkets outside the city are so much cheaper than the one by the school. But they are so far away. I'd be happy to pick up anything you need.
-Well, I don't like to let anyone else drive my car. Tell you what, why don't we go together. 
 -That way I can learn the way.
2.26 询问有关意图 -enquiring about intentions
-What exactly did you have in mind?
-I would like an alarm clock that will awaken me with soft music.
2.27 表达偏爱 -expressing preference
-So ... what do you want to watch? Football? Basketball? Golf? Which one do you like?
-To be honest, I don't really like watching sports. Maybe I'll read.
2.28 询问有关偏爱 -enquiring about preference
-Would you like some milk in your coffee?
-Please. You know how much I hate black coffee.

情感emotional
2.29 表达愉快，高兴 -expressing pleasure, happiness
-Guess what! My sister had the winning lottery number and won a lot of money.
-That's great! How much was it?
-You won't believe it. It's two million dollars to be paid over twenty years.
2.30 表达不愉快 -expressing displeasure
-You look a little down. What's the matter with you?
-I lost my wallet and my whole month's salary was in it.
-That's too bad.
2.31 询问有关愉快/不愉快，高兴/不高兴 -enquiring about pleasure/displeasure,
happiness/unhappiness
-Hello, it's Mary.
-Oh, hi. You sound depressed. What's wrong?
-Tom just had an accident and he's in the hospital.
-Oh, Mary, I'm really sorry to hear that.
2.32 表达喜欢 -expressing liking
-Excuse me, could you tell us how you liked the film?
-I loved it! I'm going to see it again!
2.33 表达不喜欢 -expressing dislikes
-How would you like your hair cut?
-I'm not sure.
-What do you suggest?
-Well ... how about this style?
-I don't think so. That's too old-fashioned.
2.34 询问有关喜欢不喜欢 -enquiring about likes and dislikes
-Do you like tennis?
-I'm afraid not. I never played it.
-What kinds of sports do you like?
-Oh ... soccer, riding ... I really enjoy riding.
2.35 表达满意 -expressing satisfaction  
-How was the art exhibit?
-Out of the world.
2.36 表达不满意 -expressing dissatisfaction
-I'm sure glad that today's physics class's over, what did you think of the lecture?
-I was lost. I couldn't follow a word Prof. Smith said.
2.37 询问有关满意/不满意 -enquiring about satisfaction/dissatisfaction  
-How do you like the concert? I find it really moving.
-I love classic music. But that conductor seemed a bit inexperienced.
2.38 表达兴趣 -expressing interest
-I don't imagine you have any interest in attending that lecture on sculpture.
-I do, now that you've reminded me of it.
2.39 表达不感兴趣 -expressing lack of interest
-I hate memorizing vocabulary.
-Well, it's part of learning a second language so there is not a whole lot you can do about it.
2.40 询问有关感兴趣或不感兴趣 -enquiring about interest or lack of interest
-How are you enjoying art history?
-At least it is a diversion from my normal course work. I'm getting tired of math.
2.41 表达惊奇 -expressing surprise
-Mrs. Hill! What a surprise! It's been years! Tell me, how's Betty? What's she doing these days?
-She got married last month.
-That's wonderful! Tell me about it.
2.42 表达不惊奇 -expressing lack of surprise   
-Peter got straight A's this semester.
-So I've heard.         
2.43 询问有关惊奇 -enquiring about surprise  
-Can you believe that Prof. Jerry is going to retire?
-He's still going to lead a graduate seminar each semester though.
2.44 表达希望 -expressing hope
-I hope you like the novel I lent you. I wasn't sure whether it was the kind of book you would be interested in.
-You know what? I had the same doubt at first. But once I started I simply couldn't put it down. Now a lot of my friends are lining up to have a look.
2.45 表达失望 -expressing disappointment
-I can't imagine what happened to John?
-Neither can I. I'm sure she planned to come to the party.
2.46 表达恐惧 -expressing fear
-I'm afraid he'd fire me.
-Don't worry about it.
2.47 表达安慰 -giving reassurance
-Look at the time. I'm going to miss my bus.
-Don't worry. I'll drive you to the stop. And if the bus has already left, I can get you to your apartment.
2.48 询问有关恐惧/焦虑 -enquiring about fear/worry
-You seem on edge this morning. What's up?
-I have to give a presentation in class this afternoon. This will be my first.
2.49 表达感谢 -expressing gratitude
-Sorry, I couldn't find the magazine you asked for.
-Thanks anyway.
2.50 对感谢做出反应 -reacting to an expression of gratitude
-It's very nice of you to give me your tickets for the play.
-Please. Don't mention it. I'm going to be out of the town this weekend anyway.
2.51 主动道歉 -offering an apology
-Hello, James. I'm sorry to keep you waiting.
-Oh, not at all. I've only been here a few minutes.
2.52 接受道歉 -accepting an apology
-I'm sorry I missed your soccer game. But I had the flu.
-Don't worry about it. We couldn't have played worse.
2.53 表达道德义务 -expressing moral obligation
-You have a bad cold, Jack. I think you ought to see a doctor.
-I guess I should. I've been putting it off for days.
2.54表达赞成 -expressing approval
-Would you like to go to the poetry reading tomorrow?
-Okay. Let's
2.55 表达不赞成 -expressing disapproval
-Do you mind if I turn the television off?
-I'm in the middle of watching a program.
2.56  询问有关赞成/不赞成 -enquiring about approval/disapproval
-Would you like to hear the latest jazz record?
-Sure! It's got one of my favorite songs on it.
2.57  表达遗憾/同情 -expressing regret, sympathy
-Ruby, can you believe it? I was fired.
-Oh, I'm really sorry to hear that.

3 引发做事行为 -Deciding on courses of action (Suasion)
3.1 提出行动过程（包括说话者和受话者）-suggesting a course of action (involving both speaker and addressee)
-Want to go to library now, Betty?
-OK, let's go.
3.2 同意某个建议 -agreeing to a suggestion
-How about the Beijing Wild Zoo?
-That's a good idea! 
3.3 要求某人做某事 -requesting someone to do something
-Would you mind opening that window? It's stuffy here.
-Go ahead, please.
3.4 建议某人做某事 -advising someone to do something
-The lock on my front door is broken.
-Why don't you have Mr. Smith fix it? He's very good.
3.5 警告其他人做某事或制止某人做某事 -warning others to do something or to refrain from doing something 
-Please don't talk in the library!
-Oh, I'm sorry.
3.6 鼓励某人做某事 -encouraging someone to do something  
-That's right. I'm a bit nervous about it, though. I've never made a speech before.
-Oh, I'm sure you'll do a fine job, Mike. I'll be there to encourage you.
3.7 教导或指导某人做某事 -instructing or directing someone to do something 
-Prof. Parker, maybe you'd better find another actor to play this role. The lines are so long. Sometimes I just completely forget them.
-Look, Tony, it's still a long time before the first show. And I don't expect you to know all the lines yet, just keep practising. And I'm sure you will get them in on time at all.
3.8 要求帮助 -requesting assistance
-Do you think you could give me a ride to the library tonight?
-I'd like to but I'm heading in the other direction. I'm meeting Jean tonight.
3.9 提供帮助 -offering assistance
-Would you mind if I borrow your video camera?
-That's OK, I guess. I don't think I'll need it for anything.
-Thanks a million.
3.10 邀请某人做某事 -inviting someone to do something
-Would you like to go to the movies with Larry and me on Friday?
-I wish I could, but I'm having dinner at my brother's. Maybe some other time.
3.11 接受帮助或邀请 -accepting an offer or invitation
-David, would you come to my birthday party?
-Thanks. I'd love to. What time?
3.12 拒绝帮助或邀请 -declining an offer or invitation
-Hi, Donna, would you like to go swimming this afternoon?
-I wish I could, but I have to spend the rest of the day in the library. I have ten-page paper due tomorrow.
3.13 询问帮助或邀请是否接受帮助或邀请 -enquiring whether an offer or invitation is accepted or declined
-Excuse me. Where can I find the apartment manager?
-Sorry. I can't help you. I'm not familiar with this building.
3.14 请求某人做某事 -asking someone for something
-Can you help me put these things away?
-In a minute. I'm almost through with this chapter.

4 社会化过程 -Socialising
4.1 吸引注意力 -attracting attention
-May I have your attention please? We will be closing in a few minutes. Please return        reference books to their shelves. People who wish to check out reserved books for overnight        use may do so now.
4.2 问候某人 -greeting people
-Hi, Mike, how are you?
-Hi, Jim. I'm fine, thank you. And you?
-Very well, thanks.
4.3 碰到朋友或熟人 -when meeting a friend or acquaintance
-Say, Grace, how are you doing?
-Mike! Hey, how are you?
-Not bad. Where are you going?
-Over to Jerry's.
4.4 答复朋友或熟人的问候 -replying to a greeting from a friend or acquaintance
-How's it going, John?
-Not too bad. How about yourself?
-I'm exhausted. I had to work until 2 o'clock this morning.
4.5 称呼一个朋友或熟人 -addressing a friend or acquaintance
-Excuse me, Pro. Davidson. But I was hoping to talk to you about my class project for economics.
-I have a class in a few minutes. Why don't you come and see me during office hours tomorrow?
4.6 称呼一个陌生人 -addressing a stranger 
-Waiter!
-Yes, sir. What can I do for you?
-This is not what I asked for, I'm afraid.
-Oh, I'm very sorry. May I ask what you ordered again?
4.7 称呼一个消费者或一般公众 -addressing a customer or a member of the general public
-Good morning, madam. May I help you?
-Good morning. I'm looking for a raincoat.
4.8 把某人介绍给其他人 -introducing someone to someone else
-Hi, Wendy. This is my friend Jack.
-Hello, Jack. Nice to meet you.
-Nice to meet you, too.
4.9 当你被介绍给某人或某人被介绍给你 -when being introduced to someone, or when someone is introduced to you
-Mr. Smith, may I introduce myself? I'm Lily Chan, a workmate of your brother.
-How nice! I'm glad to meet you, Miss Chan. 
-Glad to meet you, too.
4.10 祝贺某人 -congratulating someone
-You're all smiles. Something good must have happened to you.
-You're absolutely right. I got a great job at Microsoft.
-Congratulations! When do you start to work?
4.11 祝酒 -proposing a toast
-Ladies and gentlemen, I'd like to propose a toast to the bride and groom.
-Bottoms up! 
4.12 请假 -taking leave  
-Good afternoon. This is Alex. I would like to make a dental appointment.
-Is this for a checkup?
-No, it's an emergency! I would like to see the dentist today. I have a bad toothache.
-Oh, I'm sorry.
-Could I come at 5:00?
-OK.
-See you at 5:00, and thanks.

5 建构话语 -Structuring discourse
5.1 启动话语 -opening
-Attention, please, Ladies and Gentlemen. Our bus is approaching Peking University, where we'll be stopping to eat.
5.2 犹豫 -hesitating
-What did he look like?
-Well, let me see ... I think he was short, and very thin. He had, umm, light brown hair.
-And what was his hair like?
-It was medium length and curly.
5.3 自我更正 -correcting oneself   
-That's enough about me. How about you? Are you from Los Angeles?
-No. Actually, I was born in Seattle, but I guess you could say I grew up all over the world.
-Huh? What do you mean?
-Well, my dad was in the Air Force, so we moved around a lot, starting when I was two. That was when we moved to Japan ... just outside Tokyo.
-Wow!
5.4 介绍一个主题 -introducing a theme
-Good morning, everyone. Today I'm going to discuss transportation and communication in the early nineteenth century in the United States.
5.5 表达一个观点 -expressing an opinion
-Antonio, you look like you want to say something. What's your opinion?
-Well, I don't really like guns, but we have to ask who is doing the killing? I think most of the killers are crazy, or criminals, or crazy criminals! I hate to say it, but I think people should be allowed to own guns. Ordinary people have to be able to protect themselves and their families.
5.6 列举 -enumerating
- I choose the Martin Business School for three reasons: its location in the Pacific Northwest, the concentration of technology-related industry in the area and its exchange program in China.
5.7 举例 -exemplifying
-Beijing has many places of historic interest and scenic beauty. Such as Tian'anmen Square, the Palace Museum, Beihai Park, the Summer Palace, the Temple of Heaven, the Lama Temple, the Fragrant Hills and so on.
5.8 强调 -emphasizing
-Perhaps, the most important thing we can do is to ask our schools to teach recycling to young children. We should teach them to be careful; we should teach them not to litter.
5.9 总结 -summarizing
-All these different nerve cells help us see, hear, taste, smell, and feel. Now if you have no further question about chapter seven, we'll go on to talk about the chemical processes involved in this transfer of message.
5.10 改变主题 -changing the theme 
-Age?
-I guess ... early thirties.
-So, he was between thirty-one and thirty-three years old?
-Yes, that's right.
-One more question. Do you remember what he was wearing?
-He had on a blue and red golf shirt, shorts, and knee socks.
5.11 请求某人改变主题 -asking someone to change the theme
-Good evening, everyone. Tonight we'll hear opinions from people from different countries. Our guests tonight are Roger from Canada, and Yu Fen from Hong Kong. Roger, let's start with you.
-Well, in my opinion, ...
5.12 询问某人意见 -asking someone's opinion
-Hello! Could you please tell us what you think about our city?
-This city? It's beautiful, and so modern! It's really a great place!
5.13 续某人的话语 -showing that one is following a person's discourse
-Do you see the computer section?
-Uh-huh. Over there?
-That's right. They're all on the middle shelf between the paper and the computer games.
-I found them! Thanks for your help.
5.14 打断 -interrupting
-I'd like to talk about some of the problems with euthanasia.
- ... The first problem seems to be whether we ever have the right to take another or not. The law, in fact, says that we certainly do not.
-If I could interrupt, I believe some states allow for extenuating circumstances. It would be quite interesting to see how various governmental bodies deal with an ethical issue such as this.
-Excuse me for interrupting, but I already have that information because of the research I did for a term paper I wrote on a similar topic for another class. I could bring it in next time, if you like.
5.15 请求某人沉默 -asking someone to be silent 
-Oh, yes! I did! I saw him!
-Quiet, please! I can't listen to everyone talking at the same time! Thank you. I'll speak        to each of you, alone, in my office.
5.16 放弃发言权-giving over the floor
-Where would you like to eat?
-By all means.
5.17 预示某人继续 -indicating a wish to continue 
-What was that number again?
-I was trying to reach 88116688.
5.18 鼓励某人继续 -encouraging someone to continue 
-Would you like to stop for a rest now?
-Oh, let's keep going. We're almost at the top of the hill.
5.19 预示话题结束 -indicating that one is coming to an end
-Tomorrow we'll be discussing alternatives to fossil fuels that can be renewed?
5.20 结束 -closing
-That's all for today. If you have any questions, you can ask your residence advisor or call my office.
电话 -telephone
5.21 启动 -opening
-Hello, University Books. Tony Weber speaking.
-Hi, Tony, this is Danny.
-Oh, hi, Danny. What's up?
5.22 请求 -asking for
-Can you connect me with Doris Turner in the advertising department?
-Ms. Turner is in a meeting right now. Would you like to leave a message?
5.23 请稍等 -asking someone to wait
-Hold on please. Mr. Johnson isn't in at the moment.
-May I leave a message for him?
-Certainly. What's the message?
5.24 询问是否听清并理解 -asking whether you are heard and understood 
-Can you catch what I said?
-Sorry, I didn't hear you. There's something wrong with the phone. Let's hang up. I'll call you right back.
-OK.
5.25 给出听到和理解的信号 -giving signals that you are hearing and understanding 
-New York Information. What city, please?
-Santa Rosa.
-Yes?
-Can you give me the number for Henry Dunbar on 7 Rockhill Road?
5.26 重新打一个电话-announcing new call 
-And your name and phone number, please.
-Cathy Moore at area code 212, 921-6710.
-Thank you. Please hang up and I'll call you back.
信件 letters
5.27 开头 -opening
-Dear Sir,
-Thank you for your letter of 15th October. We are gratified to receive your request for        men and women's raincoats on approval.
5.28 结尾 -closing
-Please remember me to John. Write soon.
-Yours sincerely

6. 调整沟通效果 -Communication repair
6.1 发出不理解信号 -signaling non-understanding
-Next please. Good afternoon, sir. May I have your disembarkation card?
-What?
-Your landing card. Do you have one?
-No, I have no card.
6.2 请求重复句子 -asking for repetition of sentence  
- ... and then we'll go for coffee. Is that OK with you, Emma? Emma? Are you listening?
-What? Oh, sorry. What did you say?
-What's the problem, Emma? Do you want to talk about it?
-It's my daughter. She wants to move out and get her own apartment.
6.3 请求重复一个单词或短语 -asking for a repetition of a word or phrase  
-Where do you live?
-30 Jackson Street.
-I'm sorry. Did you say 13 or 30?
-30. Three zero.
-OK.
6.4 请求确认课文 -asking for confirmation of text
-You mean I could learn Chinese easily?
-No, because your native language is Spanish. But Italian might be easy.
6.5 请求确认或理解-asking for confirmation or understanding
-Hey, I heard you bought a parrot.
-That's right. Now, if I could only get it to talk.
6.6 请求澄清 -asking for clarification
-Isn't that Kate? I thought you said she's in New York.
-Oh, no. That's next week.
6.7 请求拼字 -asking someone to spell something
-How do you spell chicory?
-It is spelt C-H-I-C-O-R-Y.
6.8 请求书写 -asking for something to be written down
-Hello, is Tom in?
-No, he's out at the moment. Who is this speaking, please?
-Alex Jackson, his Italian friend. May I leave a message?
-Certainly. Just a moment, please. I need to get a pen. Yes, what's the message?
-Please ask him to call Alex Jackson at 4 o'clock. My number is 5678231.
-All right!
6.9 表达不理解单词或表达 -expressing ignorance of a word or expression
-Could you tell me what the word "pipe dream" mean？
-Sorry，I don't know．Let's look for it in the dictionary.
6.10 争取帮助 -appealing for assistance
-Operator, I've been trying to make a call for over an hour and I keep getting a busy signal.
-Give me the number and I'll try it for you.
6.11 请求说慢点 -asking someone to speak more slowly
-Could you speak slowly? I can't catch up with you.
-OK.
6.12 解释 -paraphrasing  
-Mr. Smith, one more question. What do you mean by cost an arm and a leg?
-Well, it means cost a lot of money.
-Oh, I see. Thanks, Mr. Smith.
-That's OK.
6.13 重复别人的话 -repeating what one has said 
-What's your occupation?
-I'm a chef at the Hilton Hotel.
-Chef at the Hilton Hotel? All right. One more thing ... do you have a local bank account?
-Yes, I do ... at China Bank
-OK, Ms Sands.
6.14 询问是否被别人理解 -asking if you have been understood
-Is that clear? You look confused.
-I'm not confused, I was just thinking.
6.15 拼出某个单词或表达 -spelling out a word or expression 
-The name of the person you're calling?
-Mr. Clayton Moore. First name: CLAYTON, last name: MOORE.
6.16 应用某个单词或表达 -supplying a word or expression 
-Will you tell how to use "turn", please?